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where Q is the cumulative distribution for Rmax and the resulting mean path loss and an additional path loss due to availability or coverage . The availability y of the system is linked to the coverage loss through the simple relation y = 1 – x. Assuming that slow fading can be approximated by log-normal distribution, i.e. median mean, the relation 
can be introduced where b stands for a multiple of the well known standard deviation (sigma). A few examples for illustration: At a 95 % coverage, b results in 1.96, for 99 % in 2.58, for 99.9 % in 3.29, or b=1 68 % coverage, for b=2 for 95.5 %. The exact values can be easily determined by using the inverse Gaussian function.
Here are some examples for illustration:
- for 68 % coverage, b = 1;
- for 95 % coverage, = 1.96;
- for 95.5 % coverage, = 2;
- for 99 % coverage, = 2.58;
- for 99.9 % coverage, =3.29.
The exact values can be easily determined by using the inverse Gaussian function.
(Eq. 174)
The determination of the zero of function v, is made through a recursive method such as regula-falsi used in logarithmic scale which should yield a better precision. The solution of such a method provides the following equation:
(Eq. 175)
In this case, formulas given for need to be inverted.
Then the equation:
(Eq. 165)
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