To analyze the behavior of a cellular network without inducing any artifacts due to boundary effects limitations, it is necessary to consider an infinite cellular network. In this case one cannot perform simulation techniques because the network model is not finite. It is necessary to apply a way of simulating and analyzing the infinite network using a finite model. Wrap-around is a model developed for this purpose.
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where D is the inter-site distance.
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Figure 188: Wrap-around with ’9’ clusters of 19 cells showing the toroidal nature of the wrap-around surface
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