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Active Antenna System
Active Antenna System are described in Recommendation ITU-R M.2101 and the extended sub-array AAS model with suggested parameters in ITU-R Working Party 5D Chairman's Report in Chapter 4 Annex 4.4 ITU-R WP5D document 5D/716 "Characteristics of terrestrial component of IMT for sharing and compatibility studies in preparation for WRC-23" or 3GPP TR 38.803 Section 5.2.3.2.4. The background information for the AAS model can be found in ITU-R WP5D document 5D/701-E.
Sub-array AAS plugin parameters
For the sub-array AAS plugin the following parameters can be set:
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The pre-set typical values in the antenna plugin are for suburban macro case in 1 710-4 990 MHz frequency range. For other configurations see ITU-R Working Party 5D Chairman's Report in Chapter 4 Annex 4.4.
Single-element AAS setting without multiple elements in sub-array
For single-element AAS without multiple elements in a sub-array (e.g. for micro cell with 8x8 elements) the following parameters can be used (see in ITU-R WP5D document 5D/716, Table 9):
- Number of elements in horizontal direction: 8
- Number of subarrays in vertical direction: 8
- Horizontal element spacing: 0.5
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The elevation additional offset with e.g. -10 degrees.
Beamforming element antenna parameters for sub-array AAS
For the Beamforming Element Antenna the following parameters can be set
- Antenna peak gain with typical value is 6.4 dBi includes the array ohmic loss of 2 dB and some normalisation of the antenna gain over the sphere. The element antenna gain is per polarisation
- Azimuth 3dB beamwidth typical value with 90 degrees for sub-array AAS
- Vertical 3dB beamwidth typical value with 65 degrees for sub-array AAS
- Front to back ratio and side-lobe level limit can be set to e.g. 30 dB to consider practical limits
SEAMCAT equations for limiting sub-array coverage range
φ: Azimuth angle (0 to 360°)
θ: Elevation angle (-90 to 90°, negative = down)
A: origin point (ILT,ILR,VLT,VLR)
B: target point (ILT,ILR,VLT,VLR)
φhA→B: Antenna azimuth from A to B in horizontal plane
θhA→B: Antenna elevation from A to B with respect to in horizontal plane
φA→B: Transformed antenna azimuth from A to B in the plane perpendicular to boresight
θA→B: Transformed antenna elevation from A to B with respect to boresight
θhcov,min: Minimum vertical coverage range with respect to horizontal plane
θhcov,max: Maximum vertical coverage range with respect to horizontal plane
φhcov,min: Minimum horizontal coverage range in horizontal plane
φhcov,max: Maximum horizontal coverage range in horizontal plane
θcov,min: Minimum vertical coverage range with respect to boresight
θcov,max: Maximum vertical coverage range with respect to boresight
φcov,min: Minimum horizontal coverage range in the plane perpendicular to boresight
φcov,max: Maximum horizontal coverage range in the plane perpendicular to boresight
β: mechanical downtilt (positive = down)
θi,etilt: elevation beam steering angle with respect to mechanical boresight (positive=down)
φi,escan: azimuth beam steering angle in the plane perpendicular to mechanical boresight
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Figure 1: Elevation example of ILT→ILR link with ILR (UE) within vertical coverage range (θcov,min<θILT→ILR<θcov,max) 
Figure 2: Elevation example of ILT→ILR link with ILR (UE) outside vertical coverage range (θILT→ILR<θcov,min)
Figure 3: Azimuth example of ILT→ILR link with ILR (UE) within horizontal coverage range (0≤φILT→ILR<φcov,max) 
Figure 4: Azimuth example of ILT→ILR link with ILR (UE) outside horizontal coverage range (φcov,max≤φILT→ILR<180)