According to ITU-R Rec. P.452-5 the median path loss between transmitter and receiver is given by the following equation:

                  (Eq. 207)

where:

 L_bd(p)           is the basic loss in dB as function of the time percentage  in %

 f                   is the frequency in GHz

d                     is the distance in km

L_d(p)             is the diffraction loss in dB as function of the time percentage  in %

A_g                   is the attenuation due to atmospheric gas and water in dB